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Quiz Chapter 12: Coordination and Response in Humans

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 11: Coordination and Response in Humans

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. In the spinal cord cross-section, where are the cell bodies of motor neurones found?

  1. A. Dorsal root ganglion
  2. B. Grey matter (ventral horn)
  3. C. White matter outer layer
  4. D. Central canal fluid
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Answer: B

The motor neurone cell bodies are situated inside the ventral horn of the spinal cord's inner grey matter.

2. What prevents continuous stimulation of the postsynaptic neurone after a neurotransmitter is released?

  1. A. Enzymes break down the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft.
  2. B. The synaptic cleft permanently closes.
  3. C. The postsynaptic membrane destroys its receptor proteins.
  4. D. Sodium ions are actively pumped out of the presynaptic knob.
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Answer: A

Enzymes (such as acetylcholinesterase) rapidly degrade neurotransmitters in the cleft so the postsynaptic membrane can reset.

3. Where is the cell body of a sensory neurone located?

  1. A. Ventral root ganglion
  2. B. Dorsal root ganglion
  3. C. Grey matter of the spinal cord
  4. D. Presynaptic knob
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Answer: B

Sensory neurones have their cell bodies grouped together in the dorsal root ganglion outside the spinal cord.

4. What type of response is a muscle contraction triggered by touching a hot iron?

  1. A. Voluntary action
  2. B. Involuntary reflex action
  3. C. Endocrine response
  4. D. Learned behavior
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Answer: B

Withdrawing a hand from a painful stimulus is an involuntary spinal reflex designed to minimize body damage quickly.

5. What structural feature of sensory neurones differentiates them from motor neurones?

  1. A. Sensory neurones lack an axon completely.
  2. B. Sensory neurones have a long dendron and a short axon with the cell body in a ganglion.
  3. C. Sensory neurones have multiple short dendrons attached directly to terminal effectors.
  4. D. Sensory neurones contain no myelin sheath.
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Answer: B

Sensory neurones possess a long peripheral dendron leading to a cell body located in the dorsal root ganglion, followed by a short axon entering the CNS.

6. Which type of neurone is located completely within the central nervous system (CNS)?

  1. A. Sensory neurone
  2. B. Relay neurone (Interneurone)
  3. C. Motor neurone
  4. D. Autonomic ganglion neurone
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Answer: B

Relay neurones (interneurones) reside within the grey matter of the brain and spinal cord to connect sensory and motor pathways.

7. What distinguishes voluntary actions from involuntary actions?

  1. A. Voluntary actions always bypass the brain.
  2. B. Voluntary actions involve conscious control by the cerebral cortex.
  3. C. Involuntary actions are executed slower than voluntary actions.
  4. D. Involuntary actions do not require effector organs.
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Answer: B

Voluntary actions require conscious decision-making in the cerebrum, whereas involuntary actions occur automatically.

8. Which of the following describes the correct sequence of impulse transmission in a knee-jerk reflex arc?

  1. A. Receptor -> Motor Neurone -> Sensory Neurone -> Effector
  2. B. Effector -> Sensory Neurone -> Motor Neurone -> Receptor
  3. C. Receptor -> Sensory Neurone -> Motor Neurone -> Effector
  4. D. Sensory Neurone -> Receptor -> Effector -> Motor Neurone
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Answer: C

In a simple knee-jerk reflex (monosynaptic), impulses travel directly from sensory receptor to sensory neurone, across a spinal cord synapse to a motor neurone, and directly to the muscle effector.

9. Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by:

  1. A. Destruction of the myelin sheath around axons
  2. B. Hyperproduction of dopamine in synapses
  3. C. Blockage of blood vessels in the cerebellum
  4. D. Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid
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Answer: A

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder where immune cells damage myelin sheaths, disrupting impulse conduction.

10. Which area of the central nervous system controls involuntary vital actions such as heart rate, breathing, and peristalsis?

  1. A. Hypothalamus
  2. B. Cerebrum
  3. C. Medulla oblongata
  4. D. Cerebellum
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Answer: C

The medulla oblongata acts as the control centre for automatic involuntary functions vital for survival.

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